SPERI: The Finance Curse as New Grand Narrative

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Click on the video to see John Christensen discuss the Finance Curse.

From Dr. Andrew Baker at Queen’s University, Belfast, writing for the Sheffield Political Economy Research Institute (SPERI):

“In a previous SPERI blog post, I lamented the complete absence of a co-ordinating discourse or grand political narrative about the financial crash of 2008.  Instead, we have seen isolated and disjointed technical changes in policy thinking in relation to: global imbalances, tax and macroprudential regulation (MPR).  In this contribution I address a question raised in that previous piece: what kind of common framework of thought, explanation and narrative could effectively link these seemingly disparate areas of change?

The most plausible contender for such a new grand narrative is the concept of a ‘finance curse’.”

That’s our work he’s talking about. And he makes some interesting points:

“Recent efforts by the G8, G20 and OECD to tackle the epidemic scale of corporate tax avoidance can therefore be conceived as partial, implicit and incomplete attempts to address one of the symptoms of the finance curse.”

And he draws attention to a nice turn of phrase, which we hadn’t picked up on:

“The Bank of England’s chief economist, Andy Haldane, refers to the vacuum cleaner effect of finance, sucking resources away from long-term growth enhancing R&D and infrastructure projects.”

Which is course is a key component of what we call the Finance Curse. He adds:

“The real potency of the finance curse concept lies not in its analytical purchase, but rather in its capacity to provide grand political narrative.  It is essentially a big picture discourse that can become the connecting explanatory glue tying together the otherwise isolated technical policy learning we have witnessed since the crash.

What’s more, the finance curse has the advantage of being easy to understand and grasp, unlike the technical policy adjustments we have so far seen.  Indeed, it is arguably the political counterpart of these more technical policy discourses.   It is both a populist discourse and a conceptual apparatus – an unusually powerful combination capable of constructing a novel and inclusive coalition that could deploy detailed evidence and careful analysis with popular support.

It’s surely time for academics, journalists, policy-makers, politicians and members of civil society to start seriously exploring the narrative of the finance curse.”

We like it, and fully agree.

As we obviously would!

Via Twitter, we’ve just seen a wonderful visual illustration of the Finance Curse, which is worth sharing.

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New reports on OECD and developing countries: progress, but far to go

We're not sure what this Winsconsin artist was thinking, but he or she wrote "BEPS"

We’re not sure what this Winsconsin artist was thinking, but he or she wrote “BEPS.” From puregraffiti.com

A couple of days ago the OECD published a document called The BEPS Project and Developing Countries: from Consultation to Participation which has three key elements: first, inviting ten developing countries to participate directly in its Committee on Fiscal Affairs and subsidiary bodies; second, to create of five regionally focused and organised networks of tax policy & administration officials; and third, to support capacity building for developing countries.

We generally welcome these changes, which is substantially the product of changing power relationships in the world and greater consciousness of how the international tax system disadvantages developing countries; as well as constant badgering by us and our colleagues to give developing countries greater say. The lingering worry, of course, is always that the OECD is a club of rich countries and is still merely offering a veneer of representation while getting on with the business of looking after its core member states’ interests.

 Ahead of the looming G2o meeting in Brisbane, the Global Alliance for Tax Justice has issued a new report entitled The OECD BEPS Project – tax policies not fit for the 21st century. We summarise its main points:

Christian Aid has also published a “half time” report on the OECD’s BEPS process to tackle tax avoidance by multinational corporations and wasteful tax expenditures by countries, a report entitled We Still Haven’t Found What We’re Looking For, whose press release notes:

“Rich countries and multinational companies seem to have had more influence over international efforts to stop them dodging tax than many poor countries.”

Christian Aid is well aware that this sentence is the equivalent of commenting on the extent to which the Pope is Catholic, but the point is that it fills in plenty of details and provides a range of materials to work with.

See also the BEPS Monitoring Group’s ongoing work.

Report: a third of French banks’ foreign subsidiaries are in tax havens

PPFJFrom the French platform on tax havens Plateforme Paradis Fiscaux et Judiciaires, coordinated by CCFD-Terre Solidaire and Secours Catholique Caritas France, a new report looking at the first figures published by French banks this year, under requirements for country by country reporting. Congratulations to our French colleagues for gaining widespread media coverage in France, and for their role in pushing the French government to act on transparency more actively than in other countries. Continue reading “Report: a third of French banks’ foreign subsidiaries are in tax havens”

The UK Patent box – will it come back in through the back door, accompanied by Germany?

We’ve just written a blog about the UK’s nasty, disingenuous and hypocritical patent box regime, and how it has successfully been spun as a “watering down” of the rules under pressure from Germany.

The blog points out that the joint UK-German announcement, which is quite short, is cryptic. It explicitly states that “IP regimes” (which is what patent boxes are) are out: well and good. But, as we asked, will an equivalent to the Patent Box be brought back in through the back door? Sources have alerted us to the fact that there seems to be some skulduggery involved here.

Take a look at this section of the joint statement. If you’re not a corporate tax specialist you don’t need to look too closely: to skim-read it is to understand that it’s as clear as mud.

“Uplift of Qualifying Expenditure – where related party outsourcing or acquisition costs are incurred, which do not constitute qualifying expenditure, companies will be able to obtain a maximum 30% uplift of their qualifying expenditure (subject to a cap based on actual expenditure) included within the formula; the 30% uplift refers to the overall expenses for both, outsourcing and acquisition costs;”

There is no further explanation. The “30% uplift” part seems to mean that if, for example, you have an expenditure cost of £1 million, you can set £1.3 million against tax. But now what is “qualifying expenditure,” and how is that defined? What is “the formula?” What is this all about, really? And why would they not spell these things out in the joint statement?

This potentially looks like a case of continued special treatment for patent income. We just don’t know yet how it would work or how severe it is, though we’ve been informed (by someone who should know) that we ought to be quite concerned.

Our German colleagues are very unhappy about all of this. They have just published an open letter to German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schäuble, expressing serious concerns about the latest announcement (a shaky web translation of the TJN-Germany letter is available here, it describes the potential for Germany to be “showering” unnecessary tax subsidies on the world’s multinational corporations.)

Among other things, they note that the basic principle of the patent box is being preserved: that profits from the use of patents are going to be taxed at a lower rate, and the size and amount of qualifying profits may be unlimited:

“This is not suport for R&D, but the state showering tax credits without need over profitable businesses.”

(Read more about these arguments here.)

They see in here the potential for Germany’s centre-right government, which has had some success in persuading the world’s media think that it’s been opposing the patent box regime, to sneakily join in the game.

Germany’s Spiegel magazine in September published an article (web translation here) saying Germany was wanting to introduce a special tax regime for intellectual property, at a tax cost of some three billion Euros.

From a UK perspective, it’s unclear whether this joint UK-German statement is an improvement or a further step in the race to the bottom. From a German perspective, it is unequivocally damaging.

It could potentially be so damaging that it will drive a stake through a vital organ of the OECD’s entire BEPS flagship policy to reform international tax.

Goodbye UK Patent Box – don’t let the door hit you on your way out

How embarrassing

How embarrassing

Updated with substantial and important analysis at the bottom, which raises a new and crucial question about whether the world’s media has swallowed a load of spin:

Last month two TJN-related authors, David Quentin and Nicholas Shaxson, had a piece on the Naked Capitalism site entitled The “Patent Box” – Proof That the UK is a Rogue State in Corporate Tax. The article was based on an original post by David Quentin entitled The UK’s “Patent Box” – a really nasty, disingenuous and hypocritical piece of tax law. Continue reading “Goodbye UK Patent Box – don’t let the door hit you on your way out”

Hidden Profits: The EU’s role in supporting an unjust global tax system 2014

EU flagFrom Eurodad, an important new report, whose press release goes:

Hidden Profits: The EU’s role in supporting an unjust global tax system 2014

This report – the second in a series of three annual reports – brings together civil society organisations (CSOs) in 15 countries across the EU. Experts in each CSO have examined their national governments’ commitments and actions towards combatting tax dodging and ensuring transparency.  Continue reading “Hidden Profits: The EU’s role in supporting an unjust global tax system 2014”

Success in Barclays tax haven campaign

From ActionAid, some excellent news:

“53,000 people taking action, hundreds of us writing to our MPs, thousands of passionate messages and one Father Christmas later, I’m really pleased to be able to tell you that Barclays have committed to stop promoting tax dodging through tax havens to companies investing in Africa!”

Continue reading “Success in Barclays tax haven campaign”

Warning: tax havens getting ready to wriggle out of global transparency initiatives

Bahamas-Tax-Haven

The Atlantis Paradise Island Resort in the Bahamas, where some of its tax haven “clients” stay and play

We’ve written a lot about new international standards on transparency that are coming through: technically and politically, they are a vast improvement on a terrible situation – notably the commitment to automatic information exchange – but there’s much still to be desired. Continue reading “Warning: tax havens getting ready to wriggle out of global transparency initiatives”

Unions Push for Tax Responsibility in Pension Funds

From the International Trade Union Confederation:

Nov 9, 2014 – Trade unions have unveiled a new initiative to tackle global tax evasion by integrating tax risks into responsible investment policies in pension funds worth over $20trillion where unions and their trustees are involved in fund governance. Continue reading “Unions Push for Tax Responsibility in Pension Funds”

Tweet of the day: Jean-Claude Juncker needs to go

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]Our tweet of the day comes from the Bloomberg View editors. It’s a striking view, coming just a few days after his inauguration as president of the European Commission.

[/vc_column_text][vc_raw_js]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[/vc_raw_js][vc_column_text]We fully endorse the view of Bloomberg Editors on this point.[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]

Open letter to G20 leaders – something must be done at Brisbane about illicit financial flows

Desmond TUTU

Desmond TUTU

OPEN LETTER TO

G20 LEADERS

When a global financial system allows billions of dollars of corrupt or stolen money to flow unchecked around the globe, something is wrong. When financial secrecy helps strip Africa of US$50 billion each year, something is wrong. When the poor of this world see the wealth of their countries slip beyond their borders, something must be done. Continue reading “Open letter to G20 leaders – something must be done at Brisbane about illicit financial flows”

Why the Netherlands is the world’s largest source of FDI

Dutch flagDutch FDI assets in 2012 were even larger than the United States’, on some metrics. This guest blog from Francis Weyzig explains what is going on.

Why the Netherlands is the world’s largest source of FDI

Luxembourg is in the spotlight these days because so many multinationals shift their taxable profits there to avoid taxes elsewhere. LuxLeaks helps us to understand how firms use the Grand Duchy as a hub for aggressive tax planning. Their tax schemes turn tiny Luxembourg into a transit route for massive amounts of Foreign Direct Investment. Continue reading “Why the Netherlands is the world’s largest source of FDI”

Luxembourg’s Sweetheart Deals: Could the OECD Stop Them?

Prof. Sol Picciotto

Prof. Sol Picciotto

Guest blog by Prof. Sol Picciotto, a TJN Senior Adviser.

Luxembourg’s Sweetheart Deals: Could the OECD Stop Them?

In an earlier comment on the Luxembourg tax leaks, we pointed out that there is no world tax authority which can judge whether the sweetheart deals it has been offering multinationals are legal. The only bodies which could do so are the EU and the OECD – so how likely are they to take effective action?

Continue reading “Luxembourg’s Sweetheart Deals: Could the OECD Stop Them?”

New report: time to end extreme inequality

yFrom Oxfam, a major new report on inequality, with a good tax justice angle. The email notes:

“I am very pleased to share our major new report “Even It Up: Time to End Extreme Inequality”. With this, we launch our new five year global campaign for our organisation and will scale up our work on tax dodging across the world.

Continue reading “New report: time to end extreme inequality”

PWC and Luxembourg: no, this wasn’t ‘legal’ behaviour

Schrodinger

Is that tax avoidance scheme legal or illegal? Until the box is opened, it’s neither

From Prem Sikka, a quote from an article from June that provides essential context for those who would dismiss the explosive leaks and analysis from the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) on Luxembourg. The Big Four accountancy firm PWC has been exposed as having facilitated and even encouraged highly abusive tax schemes, which are so extensive and outrageous that we can only refer you to the ICIJ investigation and associated stories, to grasp the seriousness of it all.

But here’s the reminder of what the UK Public Accounts Committee heard, which we referred to in our earlier blog but thought we’d pull up:

“The committee received evidence from a former senior PwC employee stating that within the firm the policy was that it would sell a tax avoidance scheme which had only a 25% chance of withstanding a legal challenge. As the committee chairperson put it “you are offering schemes to your clients – knowingly marketing these schemes – where you have judged there is a 75% risk of it then being deemed unlawful”.

Continue reading “PWC and Luxembourg: no, this wasn’t ‘legal’ behaviour”

What Luxembourg’s tax haven business looks like

Following the huge Luxembourg Leaks story that’s emerged this morning, we thought we’d post a little reminder of what the tax haven business in Luxembourg actually looks like.

This short one-minute video, from the Treasure Islands website, was created in 2011. The offending Apple Itunes mail box address has since been moved, but we think the video still gives a good indication of just how artificial the whole business is.

Go, as they say in the U.S., figure. (Full disclosure: yes, it was filmed on an, er, Apple Iphone)

 

 

Quote of the day – Luxembourg and the drugs trade

From a Guardian story about the ICIJ Luxembourg story that’s broken today:

“Asked recently if such a crackdown risked damaging the economy of Luxembourg, one senior figure closely involved in the G20 reform programme said: “I don’t care. It is like saying: ‘If you fight drugs there will be no jobs in certain parts of Mexico.’”

Well put.

Huge trove of information blasts hole in Luxembourg’s theatre of probity

ICIJ[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]

From the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ), a story we’ve been waiting for:

“Capping a six-month investigation, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) and its media partners are publishing a secret cache of leaked tax documents and dozens of news stories that show how multinational corporations throughout the globe routed profits through tiny and wealthy Luxembourg to reduce their taxes.

Continue reading “Huge trove of information blasts hole in Luxembourg’s theatre of probity”

On the risk of listening to the promoters of tax schemes

HMRCFrom the UK’s HM Revenue & Customs, via Tax Research, a UK-focused article that is relevant for all companies listening to the siren songs of the promoters of tax schemes:

10 things a tax avoidance scheme promoter won’t always tell you

Continue reading “On the risk of listening to the promoters of tax schemes”

Denmark’s tax treaties: time for change

Denmark ActionaidTax treaties are international agreements between countries that share out taxing rights between countries when there’s cross-border investment between them. The international tax treaty system is strongly based on models created by the OECD, a club of rich countries, and it shouldn’t be a great surprise that developing countries often find themselves losing out in terms of how the cross-border tax pie is shared out when an OECD-based multinational makes profits in a developing country. (See, for example, U.S. tax expert Lee Sheppard in fiery form on OECD tax treaties, highlighting some of the pitfalls.)

We’ve got a page dedicated to tax treaties, and a number of new country-specific studies have come out recently highlighting some of the problems. The latest is a report by ActionAid Denmark on Denmark’s tax treaties with various countries. Continue reading “Denmark’s tax treaties: time for change”

Reports of the Death of Banking Secrecy Are Greatly Exaggerated

Knobel

Andres Knobel

From Andres Knobel in the Huffington Post, a reminder that while the OECD is very good at declaring the end of banking secrecy, it does like to gloss over the small matter that this is very far from the truth:

“Leading finance ministers met in Berlin last week to begin the process of adopting a new global standard for the automatic exchange of tax information. In theory, this will allow tax authorities easy access to the details of offshore assets held by their citizens for the first time, supporting efforts to tackle tax evasion. But although the new common reporting standard, developed by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, is an important milestone on the road towards greater financial transparency, it is still riddled with loopholes and needs serious improvement if it is to be an effective tool in the fight against tax evasion.

Unscrupulous individuals will still be able to hide behind certain opaque legal structures, such as shell companies, foundations and trusts by claiming that their income is derived from business – rather than investments – or by dividing ownership among at least four people. (Only those who own more than 25% will be identified as beneficial owners.) More importantly, there is not yet any provision for an open registry that would enable the public, and the banks, to crosscheck the veracity of alleged beneficial ownership information.”

Continue reading “Reports of the Death of Banking Secrecy Are Greatly Exaggerated”

Financing for whose development? DFIs and their support for companies that use tax havens

This blog first appeared on From Poverty to Power.

By Mathieu Vervynckt, Policy & Research Analyst with the European Network on Debt and Development (Eurodad)

The Third UN Conference on Financing for Development (FfD), set to take place in Addis Ababa next year, will be a crucial opportunity to discuss two of the hottest topics in development finance today: the use of scarce public resources to leverage the private sector, and the fight against international tax avoidance and evasion. Both topics come together in Eurodad’s new report, Going Offshore, though probably not in the way you might expect.

Continue reading “Financing for whose development? DFIs and their support for companies that use tax havens”